GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Excess heat contributes to sea level rise due to thermal expansion, anoxic (without oxygen) ocean areas, melting of sea ice, marine heatwaves, coral bleaching and other inhospitable environments for marine life.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ocean currents act much like a conveyor belt, transporting warm water and precipitation from the equator toward the poles and cold water from the poles back to the tropics. Thus, ocean currents regulate global climate, helping to counteract the uneven distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth’s surface.

Detailed explanation-3: -Energy is moved by ocean currents from areas of strong heating to cooler areas: warm currents transport warmer water from lower latitudes (nearer the equator) to higher latitudes (nearer the poles) cold currents take colder water from higher latitudes (nearer the poles) to lower latitudes (nearer the equator).

Detailed explanation-4: -Solar radiation is the fundamental energy driving our climate system, and nearly all climatic and biologic processes on Earth are dependent on solar input. Energy from the sun is essential for many processes on Earth including warming of the surface, evaporation, photosynthesis and atmospheric circulation.