GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Although processes such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes affect the Earth’s surface, they clearly originate in the Earth’s interior. Therefore, they are internal processes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Deep within the Earth it is so hot that some rocks slowly melt and become a thick flowing substance called magma. Since it is lighter than the solid rock around it, magma rises and collects in magma chambers. Eventually, some of the magma pushes through vents and fissures to the Earth’s surface.

Detailed explanation-3: -Inside an active volcano is a chamber in which molten rock, called magma, collects. Pressure builds up inside the magma chamber, causing the magma to move through channels in the rock and escape onto the planet’s surface. Once it flows onto the surface the magma is known as lava.

Detailed explanation-4: -The journey for volcanic rocks found on many volcanic islands began deep within Earth. Brought to Earth’s surface in eruptions of deep volcanic material, these rocks hold clues as to what is going on deep beneath Earth’s surface.