GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.

Detailed explanation-2: -Tsunamis are among the most infrequent of Earth’s natural hazards. Each year, there are approximately two tsunamis that cause damage near their source. Tsunamis that cause damage or deaths on distant shores (more than 1, 000 kilometers, 620 miles, away) occur about twice per decade.

Detailed explanation-3: -Natural hazards can be classified into several broad categories: geological hazards, hydrological hazards, meteorological hazards, and biological hazards.

Detailed explanation-4: -Marine hazards, such as storm surges, tsunamis or biohazards, can be devastating for the coasts and their communities. They can also have lasting and damaging effects on the coastal landscape, causing long-term coastal erosion, and on marine ecosystems.

Detailed explanation-5: -Most tsunami damage and destruction is caused by flooding, wave impacts, erosion, strong currents, and floating debris (e.g., trees, structures, vehicles, and other things that can act like battering rams). The water can be just as dangerous, if not more so, as it returns to the sea, taking debris and people with it.