GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Upwelling is a process in which deep, cold water rises toward the surface. This graphic shows how displaced surface waters are replaced by cold, nutrient-rich water that “wells up” from below. Conditions are optimal for upwelling along the coast when winds blow along the shore.

Detailed explanation-2: -The upward movement of this deep, colder water is called upwelling. The deeper water that rises to the surface during upwelling is rich in nutrients. These nutrients “fertilize” surface waters, encouraging the growth of plant life, including phytoplankton.

Detailed explanation-3: -Upwelling does not just happen anywhere but in certain regions of wind-sea interaction. Along the west coasts of continents in the northern hemisphere northerly winds (coming from the north) are responsible for this phenomenon while in the southern hemisphere southerly winds cause upwelling.

Detailed explanation-4: -upwelling. noun. process in which cold, nutrient-rich water from the bottom of an ocean basin or lake is brought to the surface due to atmospheric effects such as the Coriolis force or wind.

Detailed explanation-5: -Upwelling is the process that brings deeper water to the surface, and its major significance is that it brings nutrient-rich deep water to the nutrient-deprived surface, stimulating primary production (see section 7.3).