GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Large quantities of heat can be absorbed and stored in the surface layers of the ocean. This heat is transported by ocean currents. In this way, the ocean currents help regulate Earth’s climate by facilitating the transfer of heat from warm tropical areas to colder areas near the poles.

Detailed explanation-2: -Surface currents Large-scale surface ocean currents are driven by global wind systems that are fueled by energy from the sun. These currents transfer heat from the tropics to the polar regions, influencing local and global climate.

Detailed explanation-3: -Thermal energy also moves within the ocean and within the atmosphere through the process of convection. During convection, cooler water or air sinks, and warmer water or air rises. This movement causes currents. Ocean currents are like rivers of water moving through the sea.

Detailed explanation-4: -Energy is moved by ocean currents from areas of strong heating to cooler areas: warm currents transport warmer water from lower latitudes (nearer the equator) to higher latitudes (nearer the poles) cold currents take colder water from higher latitudes (nearer the poles) to lower latitudes (nearer the equator).

Detailed explanation-5: -Temperature of water: Cold-water ocean currents occur when the cold water at the poles sinks and slowly moves towards the equator. Warm-water currents travel out from the equator along the surface, flowing towards the poles to replace the sinking cold water.