GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Some chemosynthetic bacteria live around deep-ocean vents k nown as “black smokers.” Compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, which flow out of the vents from Earth’s interior, are used by the bacteria for energy to make food.

Detailed explanation-2: -The bacteria are chemosynthetic. They oxidize hydrogen sulfide, add carbon dioxide and oxygen to produce sugar (food), sulfur, and water. The food that chemosynthetic bacteria produce serves as the base of the hydrothermal vent food web. 5 Top: Image courtesy of Submarine Ring of Fire 2002, NOAA Ocean Exploration.

Detailed explanation-3: -Chemosynthesis occurs in bacteria and other organisms and involves the use of energy released by inorganic chemical reactions to produce food. All chemosynthetic organisms use energy released by chemical reactions to make a sugar, but different species use different pathways.

Detailed explanation-4: -During chemosynthesis, bacteria living on the sea floor or within animals use energy stored in the chemical bonds of hydrogen sulfide and methane to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide (dissolved in sea water).

Detailed explanation-5: -The majority of life on the planet is based in a food chain which revolves around sunlight, as plants make food via photosynthesis. In the deep ocean, however, there is no light, so there are no plants. Instead of sunlight being the primary form of energy, chemical energy is produced by a process called chemosynthesis.