GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tides contribute to coastal currents that travel short distances. Major surface ocean currents in the open ocean, however, are set in motion by the wind, which drags on the surface of the water as it blows. The water starts flowing in the same direction as the wind.

Detailed explanation-2: -Bodies of water that are navigable are known as waterways. Some bodies of water collect and move water, such as rivers and streams, and others primarily hold water, such as lakes and oceans. Bodies of water are affected by gravity, which is what creates the tidal effects on Earth.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ocean currents are the continuous, predictable, directional movement of seawater driven by gravity, wind (Coriolis Effect), and water density. Ocean water moves in two directions: horizontally and vertically. Horizontal movements are referred to as currents, while vertical changes are called upwellings or downwellings.

Detailed explanation-4: -Factors which keep the oceanic water in motion are tides, winds, temperature, hot and cold currents, gravitational pull of the moon and sun. Process of movement of water from one ocean to another is known as the ‘Global conveyor belt.

Detailed explanation-5: -There are two main types of ocean currents: surface currents and deep ocean currents. Surface currents are driven by global wind systems that are fueled by energy from the sun.