GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Although maximum densities occur at temperatures of around 4°C for fresh waters, for Absolute Salinities greater than 23.8 g/kg, seawaters at the freezing point are most dense. Freezing temperature also decreases with salinity, with typical seawater freezing at around-1.9°C at atmospheric pressure.

Detailed explanation-2: -The density of water increases as the salinity increases. The density of seawater (salinity greater than 24.7) increases as temperature decreases at all temperatures above the freezing point. The density of seawater is increased by increasing pressure.

Detailed explanation-3: -The warmer the water, the more space it takes up, and the lower its density. When comparing two samples of water with the same salinity, or mass, the water sample with the higher temperature will have a greater volume, and it will therefore be less dense.

Detailed explanation-4: -Temperature changes effect seawater density: as water cools its density increases. As water cools, H2O molecules pack more closely together (because the molecules are vibrating less at lower temperatures) and take up less volume. The same number of water molecules in smaller volume results in a higher density.

Detailed explanation-5: -Increases in temperatures of surrounding entities like ice and an increase in precipitation adds fresh water into the sea, which lower salinity. Seawater with lower salinity is lighter in density and won’t sink as much as denser water. This process changes ocean currents.