GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lightning is a sudden electrostatic discharge that can be seen in the sky, and it doesn’t generate any vibrations on the surface of the Earth or in the ocean, so it doesn’t cause a tsunami.

Detailed explanation-2: -A tsunami is a series of enormous waves created by an underwater disturbance usually associated with earthquakes occurring below or near the ocean. Volcanic eruptions, submarine landslides, and coastal rock falls can also generate a tsunami, as can a large asteroid impacting the ocean.

Detailed explanation-3: -The correct answer is option 4 i.e Earthquake. Tsunami is a series of waves generated by violent seafloor movements associated with underwater earthquakes, meteorite impact, Landslides on the seafloor, volcanic eruptions, etc.

Detailed explanation-4: -Reverse faults occur at convergent plate boundaries, while normal faults occur at divergent plate boundaries. Earthquakes along strike-slip faults at transform plate boundaries generally do not cause tsunami because there is little or no vertical movement.

Detailed explanation-5: -Earthquakes. It can be generated by movements along fault zones associated with plate boundaries. Landslides. A landslide that occurs along the coast can force large amounts of water into the sea, disturbing the water and generate a tsunami. Volcanic Eruption. Extraterrestrial Collision.