GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Why is the current salinity of the world’s oceans a problem for old-earth geologists? Because if the earth were as old as the they believe it is, the oceans would be much saltier than they are.

Detailed explanation-2: -As the seawater gets saltier, its density increases, and it starts to sink. Surface water is pulled in to replace the sinking water, which in turn eventually becomes cold and salty enough to sink. This initiates the deep-ocean currents driving the global conveyer belt.

Detailed explanation-3: -The salient result of our study is that ocean salinity plays an important role in Earth’s climate system. Saltier oceans yield warmer, more equable climates with less sea ice in both our present-day and Archean simulations.

Detailed explanation-4: -The salinity of water in the surface layer of oceans depend mainly on evaporation and precipitation. Surface salinity is greatly influenced in coastal regions by the freshwater flow from rivers, and in polar regions by the processes of freezing and thawing of ice.