GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Electron microscopes allow paleontologists to study the tiniest details of the smallest fossils. X-ray machines and CT scanners reveal fossils’ internal structures.

Detailed explanation-2: -Electron microscopy uses electrons to “see” small objects in the same way that light beams let us observe our surroundings or objects in a light microscope. With EM, we can look at the feather-like scales of an insect, the internal structures of a cell, individual proteins or even individual atoms in a metal alloy.

Detailed explanation-3: -Applications of laboratory microscopes The goal of any laboratory microscope is to produce clear, high-quality images, whether an optical microscope, which uses light to generate the image, a scanning or transmission electron microscope (using electrons), or a scanning probe microscope (using a probe).

Detailed explanation-4: -Today there are two major types of electron microscopes used in clinical and biomedical research settings: the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM); sometimes the TEM and SEM are combined in one instrument, the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM):

Detailed explanation-5: -Transmission Electron Microscope TEM is used to image intracellular space (in thin sections), the structure of protein molecules (using the Metal Shadowing technique), the structure of molecules in viruses and skeletal filaments, and the arrangement of protein molecules in cell membranes.