GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -petrology, scientific study of rocks that deals with their composition, texture, and structure; their occurrence and distribution; and their origin in relation to physicochemical conditions and geologic processes. It is concerned with all three major types of rocks-igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary.

Detailed explanation-2: -Petrology is the science that deals with the origin of rocks. Since rocks are major components of the Earth and are themselves composed of aggregates of minerals, petrology has close links with geology and mineralogy.

Detailed explanation-3: -Petrology is the study of rocks-igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary-and the processes that form and transform them. Mineralogy is the study of the chemistry, crystal structure and physical properties of the mineral constituents of rocks.

Detailed explanation-4: -Petrography is the study of rocks in thin section by means of a petrographic microscope (i.e., an instrument that employs polarized light that vibrates in a single plane). Petrography is primarily concerned with the systematic classification and precise description of rocks.

Detailed explanation-5: -Petrography deals with the detailed description and classification of rocks, whereas petrology focuses primarily on the rock formation, or petrogenesis.