GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lithification (Diagenesis)-Lithification is the process that turns sediment into rock. The first stage of the process is compaction. Compaction occurs as the weight of the overlying material increases. Compaction forces the grains closer together, reducing pore space and eliminating some of the contained water.

Detailed explanation-2: -Deposition is the process by which weathered and eroded material is deposited (or dropped in a new location) by wind, water, or ice. Compaction is the process by which overlying pressure from rocks and soil reduces the size or volume of sediments.

Detailed explanation-3: -Compaction occurs after the sediments have been deposited. The weight of the sediments squeezes the particles together. As more and more sediments are deposited the weight on the sediments below increases. Waterborne sediments become so tightly squeezed together that most of the water is pushed out.

Detailed explanation-4: -Finally, lithification is the process by which clay, sand, and other sediments on the bottom of the ocean or other bodies of water are slowly compacted into rocks from the weight of overlying sediments.

Detailed explanation-5: -happens when sediments are deeply buried, placing them under pressure because of the weight of overlying layers. This squashes the grains together more tightly.