GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sedimentary rocks are formed on or near the Earth’s surface, in contrast to metamorphic and igneous rocks, which are formed deep within the Earth. The most important geological processes that lead to the creation of sedimentary rocks are erosion, weathering, dissolution, precipitation, and lithification.

Detailed explanation-2: -Sedimentary rocks are the product of 1) weathering of preexisting rocks, 2) transport of the weathering products, 3) deposition of the material, followed by 4) compaction, and 5) cementation of the sediment to form a rock. The latter two steps are called lithification.

Detailed explanation-3: -The three processes that change one rock to another are crystallization, metamorphism, and erosion and sedimentation. Any rock can transform into any other rock by passing through one or more of these processes. This creates the rock cycle.

Detailed explanation-4: -The term rock strata refers to layers of sedimentary rock. These horizontal layers form from the processes of weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Weathering & Erosion. Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks on the surface of the earth are constantly being broken down by wind and water. Transportation. Deposition. Compaction & Cementation. Metamorphism. Rock Melting.