GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -S waves shake the ground in a shearing, or crosswise, motion that is perpendicular to the direction of travel. These are the shake waves that move the ground up and down or from side to side. S waves are called secondary waves because they always arrive after P waves at seismic recording stations.

Detailed explanation-2: -The secondary or S wave is the slower body wave. It moves perpendicularly to its direction of travel in a wave-like up and down motion-it thus moves both horizontally and vertically. The S wave causes the most destruction to structures because of its wave motion (Naeim, 2001; Abbott, 2004).

Detailed explanation-3: -S waves are seismic body waves meaning they travel through the Earth’s interior. Their velocity is slower than that of P waves, and they are normally the second major phase to be observed on a seismogram, and are therefore also referred to as secondary waves.

Detailed explanation-4: -Secondary waves, or S waves, are slower than P waves. The motion of secondary waves is perpendicular to the direction of the wave travel, similar to the motion of vigorously shaking a rope (SF Fig. 7.1 B).

Detailed explanation-5: -…of earthquake waves exist: the S-wave, a transverse body wave; the P-wave, a longitudinal body wave; and the L-wave, which propagates along the boundary of stratified mediums.