GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Harry Hammond Hess, a professor of geology at Princeton University, was very influential in setting the stage for the emerging plate-tectonics theory in the early 1960s.

Detailed explanation-2: -Harry Hess: One of the Discoverers of Seafloor Spreading.

Detailed explanation-3: -The seafloor spreading hypothesis was proposed by the American geophysicist Harry H. Hess in 1960.

Detailed explanation-4: -Harry Hess was a geologist and Navy submarine commander during World War II. Part of his mission had been to study the deepest parts of the ocean floor. In 1946 he had discovered that hundreds of flat-topped mountains, perhaps sunken islands, shape the Pacific floor.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hess thought that fracture zones were unrelated to the mid-ocean ridges; Dietz, meanwhile believed that the fracture zones were a result of uneven convection motion in the mantle thereby moving parts of the ocean floor at different rates.