GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -seafloor spreading, theory that oceanic crust forms along submarine mountain zones, known collectively as the mid-ocean ridge system, and spreads out laterally away from them.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hess proposed that new crust was added to the ocean floor at these ridges (now known as mid-ocean ridges), causing it to widen and push apart in what he called seafloor spreading. The topography map of the Atlantic Ocean shows the mid-ocean ridge running through the middle and following the curve of the continents.

Detailed explanation-3: -sea-floor spreading-a hypothesis, proposed in the early 1960s, that new ocean floor is created where two plates move away from one another at mid-ocean ridges. subduction zone-a long, narrow zone where one lithospheric plate descends beneath another.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hess resurrected Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis. He reviewed the mantle convection idea. He thought about the bathymetric features and the patterns of magnetic polarity on the seafloor. In 1962, Hess published a new idea that he called seafloor spreading.

Detailed explanation-5: -The theory of plate tectonics revolutionized the earth sciences by explaining how the movement of geologic plates causes mountain building, volcanoes, and earthquakes.