GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The heat energy can be transferred by the process of convection by the difference occurring in temperature between the two parts of the fluid. Due to this temperature difference, hot fluids tend to rise, whereas cold fluids tend to sink. This creates a current within the fluid called a convection current.

Detailed explanation-2: -Convection currents are heat-driven cycles that occur in the air, ocean, and mantle. They are caused by a difference in temperature, often due to a differing proximity to a heat source. The difference in temperature relates directly to the density of the material, causing this effect.

Detailed explanation-3: -We can define convection currents as a natural process of heat transfer involving the movement of energy and heat from one place to another. We can exemplify it by observing that we feel hotter when we place our hands above a campfire. This happens due to convection currents.

Detailed explanation-4: -Natural convection occurs when fluids are heated. When the fluid molecules are heated, the fluid becomes larger and lighter. The heated molecules take up more space and rise to the top, while the cooler molecules sink to the bottom. These cooler molecules then become heated.

Detailed explanation-5: -When part of a liquid or gas is heated, it expands and becomes less dense. The warmer, less dense liquid rises upwards, and the cooler liquid falls to take its place. This cycle of a liquid or gas rising and falling is called a convection current.