GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A fissure is a long, narrow crack opening along the surface of Earth. The term is derived from the Latin word fissura, which means ‘cleft’ or ‘crack’. Fissures emerge in Earth’s crust, on ice sheets and glaciers, and on volcanoes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Fissure eruptions occur when lava erupts from long cracks in the ground rather than from a central vent. Figure 11.26 shows examples from two eruptions on of Hawai’i.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fissure volcanoes are produced by eruptions that occur along elongated fissures versus at a central vent. Fissure eruptions occur when magma-filled dikes intersect the surface. Fissure eruptions usually do not build substantial edifices, but instead feed lava flows that can travel great distances.

Detailed explanation-4: -Magma is a molten and semi-molten rock mixture found under the surface of the Earth. On the rare occasions when magma breaks the surface, as in a volcanic eruption, it is called lava.