GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hot spot volcanism is unique because it does not occur at the boundaries of Earth’s tectonic plates, where all other volcanism occurs. Instead it occurs at abnormally hot centers known as mantle plumes.

Detailed explanation-2: -At diverging plate boundaries, earthquakes occur as the plates pull away from each other. Volcanoes also form as magma rises upward from the underlying mantle along the gap between the two plates.

Detailed explanation-3: -Although most volcanoes are found at convergent or divergent plate boundaries, intraplate volcanoes are found in the middle of a tectonic plate.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hot-spot volcanism Heat from the mantle plume causes melting and thinning of the crust, which leads to volcanic activity at the surface. The Hawai’ian Islands are a chain of volcanoes in the middle of the Pacific Plate, which have formed due to the presence of a hot spot.