GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Convection currents are the result of differential heating. Lighter (less dense), warm material rises while heavier (more dense) cool material sinks. It is this movement that creates circulation patterns known as convection currents in the atmosphere, in water, and in the mantle of Earth.

Detailed explanation-2: -Convection currents are generated by the differences in densities of the fluid that occur due to temperature gradients. The activity that results from the continuous replacement of the heated fluid in the area of the heat source by the nearby present cooler fluid is called a natural convection current.

Detailed explanation-3: -Tremendous heat and pressure within the earth cause the hot magma to flow in convection currents.

Detailed explanation-4: -Convection works by areas of a liquid or gas heating or cooling greater than their surroundings, causing differences in temperature. These temperature differences then cause the areas to move as the hotter, less dense areas rise, and the cooler, more dense areas sink.

Detailed explanation-5: -The heat source for these currents is heat from Earth’s core and from the mantle itself. Hot columns of mantle. material rise slowly through the asthenosphere. At the top of the asthenosphere, the hot material spreads out and pushes the cooler material out of the way.