GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Fault-block mountains are formed by the movement of large crustal blocks along faults formed when tensional forces pull apart the crust (Figure 3). Tension is often the result of uplifting part of the crust; it can also be produced by opposite-flowing convection cells in the mantle (see Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-2: -Reverse faults, also called thrust faults, slide one block of crust on top of another. These faults are commonly found in collisions zones, where tectonic plates push up mountain ranges such as the Himalayas and the Rocky Mountains.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mountains are formed by plate convergence. Plate convergence describes tectonic plate movement that results in the collision of two plates. These slow-moving collisions shift the plates only a few centimeters a year, but are powerful enough to form large mountain ranges over time.

Detailed explanation-4: -Fault-block mountains form where the earth’s crust is stretched and breaks into a series of basins and ranges. Folded mountains form when two tectonic plates collide and thicken the earth’s crust through folding and faulting.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mountains form where two continental plates collide. Since both plates have a similar thickness and weight, neither one will sink under the other. Instead, they crumple and fold until the rocks are forced up to form a mountain range.