GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hot material rises at mid-ocean ridges and sinks at deep sea trenches, which keeps the plates moving along the Earth’s surface. Hot mantle from the two adjacent cells rises at the ridge axis, creating new ocean crust.

Detailed explanation-2: -Both volcanoes and earthquakes occur due to movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates. They are both caused by the heat and energy releasing from the Earth’s core. Earthquakes can trigger volcanic eruptions through severe movement of tectonic plates.

Detailed explanation-3: -Evidence for Tectonic Plates Earthquakes, mountain building and volcanic activity occur mostly at the boundaries of the moving plates. Only shallow earthquakes occur where plates diverge at mid-ocean ridges, whereas earthquakes extend to great depth where plates converge at subduction zones.

Detailed explanation-4: -Scientists discovered that as they moved away from the mid-ocean ridge, the samples of both the crustal rock and sediments on the ocean floor increased in age. The newest, youngest rock was closest to the mid-ocean ridge. This evidence supported the theory of seafloor spreading.