GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Heat from the Earth’s core is transferred outward along the mantle, causing the hot material at the bottom of the mantle to rise and colder material from the top to sink. This creates a cycle of rising hot material and sinking cold material, resulting in the formation of convection currents.

Detailed explanation-2: -Convection currents are circular patterns that move air and liquids as a result of unequal heating and cooling. Hot air rises because it is less dense and then sinks as it cools.

Detailed explanation-3: -Geologists have hypothesized that the movement of tectonic plates is related to convection currents in the earth’s mantle. Convection currents describe the rising, spread, and sinking of gas, liquid, or molten material caused by the application of heat.

Detailed explanation-4: -These plates move due to convection currents in the mantle . Heat from the core makes magma in the mantle rise towards the crust. As the hot current nears the crust, it begins to cool and sink back towards the core. As the magma sinks, it drags the plates across the surface of the Earth.