GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tremendous heat and pressure within the earth cause the hot magma to flow in convection currents. These currents cause the movement of the tectonic plates that make up the earth’s crust.

Detailed explanation-2: -Heat from the core and the mantle itself causes convection currents in the mantle. Hot columns of mantle material rise slowly. At the top of the asthenosphere, the hot material spreads out and pushes the cooler material out of the way. This cooler material sinks back into the mantle.

Detailed explanation-3: -The common, simplified explanation for why tectonic plates are moving is that they’re carried along on currents in the upper mantle, the slowly flowing layer of rock just below the Earth’s crust. Converging currents drive plates into each other. Diverging currents pull them apart.

Detailed explanation-4: -The movement of these tectonic plates is likely caused by convection currents in the molten rock in Earth’s mantle below the crust.

Detailed explanation-5: -Though the asthenosphere is made of rock, it is under intense pressure that can cause its contents to flow. The oceanic lithosphere is formed at mid-ocean ridges and flows toward subduction zones where one tectonic plate slides beneath another.