GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -According to this mechanism, waves may be generated by the sudden displacement of water caused by a volcanic explosion, by a volcano’s slope failure, or more likely by a phreatomagmatic explosion and collapse/engulfment of the volcanic magmatic chambers.

Detailed explanation-2: -A tsunami is a series of extremely long waves caused by a large and sudden displacement of the ocean, usually the result of an earthquake below or near the ocean floor. This force creates waves that radiate outward in all directions away from their source, sometimes crossing entire ocean basins.

Detailed explanation-3: -The underwater explosion of the volcano flash boiled the ocean, creating a 300-ft deep and 5-mile wide crater in the ocean surface. You read that right: Five miles wide. The tsunami from this explosion sped away from the volcano towards the islands of Tonga moving at 250 miles per hour.

Detailed explanation-4: -Deep within the Earth it is so hot that some rocks slowly melt and become a thick flowing substance called magma. Since it is lighter than the solid rock around it, magma rises and collects in magma chambers. Eventually, some of the magma pushes through vents and fissures to the Earth’s surface.

Detailed explanation-5: -Volcanic eruptions can also trigger massive landslides that, if they slide into the water or occur beneath the ocean surface, can cause tsunamis.