GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mid-ocean ridges occur along divergent plate boundaries, where new ocean floor is created as the Earth’s tectonic plates spread apart. As the plates separate, molten rock rises to the seafloor, producing enormous volcanic eruptions of basalt.

Detailed explanation-2: -Most divergent plate boundaries are underwater and form submarine mountain ranges called oceanic spreading ridges. While the process of forming these mountain ranges is volcanic, volcanoes and earthquakes along oceanic spreading ridges are not as violent as they are at convergent plate boundaries.

Detailed explanation-3: -Divergent plate boundaries in the ocean create mid-ocean ridges. This is where new seafloor is created by upwelling magma. Divergent plate boundaries rift a continent apart. Eventually a new ocean will form between the two continents.

Detailed explanation-4: -Divergent boundaries within continents initially produce rifts, which eventually become rift valleys. Most active divergent plate boundaries occur between oceanic plates and exist as mid-oceanic ridges.

Detailed explanation-5: -Like igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks form almost exclusively at plate boundaries. Metamorphic rocks that form because they are exposed to heat from magma form at the same plate boundaries igneous rocks form: divergent, ocean–ocean convergent, and ocean–continent convergent boundaries.