GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The southern supercontinent of Gondwana (also called Gondwanaland) (see GONDWANALAND AND GONDWANA) was the Palaeozoic amalgamation of South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, and the Indo-Pakistani subcontinent, as well as several smaller terranes.

Detailed explanation-2: -From about 300-200 million years ago (late Paleozoic Era until the very late Triassic), the continent we now know as North America was contiguous with Africa, South America, and Europe. They all existed as a single continent called Pangea.

Detailed explanation-3: -About 200 million years ago Pangaea broke into two new continents Laurasia and Gondwanaland. Laurasia was made of the present day continents of North America (Greenland), Europe, and Asia. Gondwanaland was made of the present day continents of Antarctica, Australia, South America.

Detailed explanation-4: -In contrast to Wegener’s thinking, however, geologists note that other Pangea-like supercontinents likely preceded Pangea, including Rodinia (circa 1 billion years ago) and Pannotia (circa 600 million years ago).

Detailed explanation-5: -The three most recent supercontinents were Pangea, Gondwana, and Pannotia. Geologists think there were other supercontinents before these three, which are called Nuna (or Columbia), Rodinia, and Ur. One definition of a supercontinent is a single landmass that contains at least 75% of all land on Earth.