GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As pressure falls within magma, the size of the gas bubbles increases greatly. These expanding gases exert an enormous force. When a volcano erupts, the force of the expanding gases pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe until it flows or explodes out of the vent.

Detailed explanation-2: -As a volcano erupts what force pushes magma out of a volcano onto the surface? Dissolved gases under tremendous pressure are trapped in magma. The FORCE OF THE EXPANDING GASES pushes it through the pipe until it flows or explodes out of the vent.

Detailed explanation-3: -A caldera is a depression created after a volcano releases the majority of the contents of its magma chamber in an explosive eruption.

Detailed explanation-4: -Magma can also extrude into Earth’s atmosphere as part of a violent volcanic explosion. This magma solidifies in the air to form volcanic rock called tephra. In the atmosphere, tephra is more often called volcanic ash. As it falls to Earth, tephra includes rocks such as pumice.

Detailed explanation-5: -This forms magma (molten rock). The magma rises and collects in chambers within the crust. As magma fills the chamber, pressure grows. If the pressure gets high enough, the magma can break through the crust and spew out in a volcanic eruption.