GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Aa lava is made up of loose chunks of basaltic lava which are sharp and jagged. They are carried along the top of the flow and tumble around as it moves across the landscape. The loose lava blocks/rocks moving and tumbling along the way are called clinkers.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lava flows Pahoehoe is lava that in solidified form is characterized by a smooth, billowy, or ropy surface, while aa is lava that has a rough, jagged, spiny, and generally clinkery surface. In thick aa flows, the rubbly surface of loose clinkers and blocks hides a massive, relatively dense interior.

Detailed explanation-3: -smooth to ropy surface; and aa (or a’a), a more viscous flow whose surface is covered by thick, jumbled piles of loose, sharp blocks.

Detailed explanation-4: -’A’ā lava flows have irregular rough surfaces made of jagged, spiny and rough clasts of lava called clinkers. These lavas have surfaces that are either too viscous or are flowing too rapidly to flow plasticly like pāhoehoe. Instead they are ripped apart by shear strain forming a breccia at the top of the flow.

Detailed explanation-5: -’A’ā (pronounced “ah-ah") is a Hawaiian term for lava flows that have a rough rubbly surface composed of broken lava blocks called clinkers. The incredibly spiny surface of a solidified ‘A’ā flow makes walking very difficult and slow.