GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A caldera is not the same thing as a crater. Craters are formed by the outward explosion of rocks and other materials from a volcano. Calderas are formed by the inward collapse of a volcano.

Detailed explanation-2: -A caldera looks like a volcanic crater, but it is actually formed when the overlying rocks collapse when a magma chamber is emptied creating vacuum below. A volcanic crater is a bowl like structure at the top of a volcano that has the opening for the eruption of lava and the ashes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Crater and Caldera: Crater forms the summit and Caldera the enlarged mouth or the sunken crater at the center of a volcano. When water accumulates in a crater it forms a crater lake and in a caldera a lake like Taba lake of Sumatra.

Detailed explanation-4: -A caldera is a large depression formed when a volcano erupts and collapses. During a volcanic eruption, magma present in the magma chamber underneath the volcano is expelled, often forcefully.