GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -USGS photo by K. Lynn. Since the mid-19th century, Mauna Loa’s Northeast Rift Zone has erupted eight times: in 1843, 1852, 1855–1856, 1880–1881, 1899, 1935–1936, 1942, and 1984.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mauna Loa is among Earth’s most active volcanoes, having erupted 34 times since its first well-documented historical eruption in 1843. It has produced large, voluminous flows of basalt that have reached the ocean eight times since 1868.

Detailed explanation-3: -Based on the occurrence of 12 eruptions within a 10, 000 year period, Mauna Kea’s recurrence interval is  1, 000 years (Geohazards Consultants International, Inc., 2000).

Detailed explanation-4: -The world’s largest active volcano began erupting for the first time in 38 years on November 27, 2022. Mauna Loa, located on Hawaii’s Big Island, came alive at about 11:30 pm local time. It has been spewing out spectacular fountains of lava as high as 148 feet since.