EARTH SCIENCE
VOLCANOES
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Question
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80 . Geologists hypothesize that hot spots form above a rising current of hot mantle materials, called a mantle plume .Mantle plumes do NOT move. As a tectonic plate moves, it carries a volcano away from the hot spot and then the volcano becomes dormant, or inactive. As the plate continues to move, a chain of volcanoes forms. The oldest volcano will be the farthest away from the hot spot. The youngest volcano will be directly above the hot spot.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Sixty percent of all active volcanoes occur at the boundaries between tectonic plates. Most volcanoes are found along a belt, called the “Ring of Fire” that encircles the Pacific Ocean. Some volcanoes, like those that form the Hawaiian Islands, occur in the interior of plates at areas called “hot spots.”
Detailed explanation-2: -Volcanoes are most common in these geologically active boundaries. The two types of plate boundaries that are most likely to produce volcanic activity are divergent plate boundaries and convergent plate boundaries.
Detailed explanation-3: -Rift volcanoes. Rift volcanoes form when magma rises into the gap between diverging plates. They thus occur at or near actual plate boundaries.
Detailed explanation-4: -Volcanic eruptions are more violent at converging boundaries than at divergent boundaries.