GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Since it is lighter than the solid rock around it, magma rises and collects in magma chambers . Eventually, some of the magma pushes through vents and fissures to the Earth’s surface. Magma that has erupted is called lava.

Detailed explanation-2: -A volcano is a vent through which hot melted rock, gas, steam, and ash from inside the Earth sometimes come out.

Detailed explanation-3: -A volcanic vent is the place at the Earth’s surface where lava flows, tephra (pyroclastic materials consisting of volcanic ash, lapilli, or bombs), and fragmented rocks are erupted. Volcanic gases are also emitted at vents.

Detailed explanation-4: -When a volcano erupts, the molten rock (or magma) that comes out of the Earth is called lava. Because lava is so hot (more than 1, 100 degrees C, over 2, 000 degrees F), it remains molten and flows across the ground until it cools and hardens into rock.

Detailed explanation-5: -Volcanic eruptions produce three types of materials: gas, lava, and fragmented debris called tephra.