GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The 1965 eruption was classified as phreatomagmatic, generated by the interaction of magma with the lake water to produce the violent explosion that cut an embayment on Volcano Island.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs) classifies Taal Volcano as a complex volcano system. It has 47 craters and 4 maars (volcanic craters caused by an eruption occurring when old groundwater is in contact with hot rock or magma).

Detailed explanation-3: -A moderately violent phreatomagmatic explosive eruption of Taal Volcano, Philippines, occurred from 28 to 30 September, 1965. The main phreatic explosions, which were preceded by ejection of basaltic spatter, opened a new crater 1.5 km long and 0.3 km wide on the southwest side of Volcano Island in Lake Taal.

Detailed explanation-4: -Phreatic eruption-Phreatic eruptions are steam-driven explosions that occur when water beneath the ground or on the surface is heated by magma, lava, hot rocks, or new volcanic deposits (for example, tephra and pyroclastic-flow deposits).