GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as cinders around the vent to form a circular or oval cone.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cinders: Cinders are lava fragments about 1 centimetre (about 1/2 inch) in diameter. · Cinder cone: (a) A steep-sided volcano formed by the explosive eruption of cinders that form around a vent.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cinder cones are the simplest volcanic formation. They form from explosions of red, hot magma cinders and ash. These cinders and ash settle around the main vent and build a steep sided cone. Very little lava is erupted from a cinder cone.

Detailed explanation-4: -Explosive eruptions are favored by high gas content & high viscosity magmas (andesitic to rhyolitic magmas).

Detailed explanation-5: -They are formed from viscous, sticky lava that does not flow easily. The lava therefore builds up around the vent forming a volcano with steep sides. Stratovolcanoes are more likely to produce explosive eruptions due to gas building up in the viscous magma.