GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A caldera is a large depression formed when a volcano erupts and collapses.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: A crater is a vent for molten rock to exit the Earth’s surface. It also can be the result of a meteor impact. A caldera is the result of an enormous volcanic eruption that blows out a large volume of magma and then collapses, leaving a giant opening in the ground.

Detailed explanation-3: -“During a caldera collapse, a massive block of rock near the top of the volcano slides down into the volcano. As it slides, gets stuck on the jagged walls around it, and slides some more, the block of rock squeezes out more magma than would ordinarily be expelled.” Caldera Collapse Increases Size of Volcanic Eruptions.

Detailed explanation-4: -A pit crater (also called a subsidence crater or collapse crater) is a depression formed by a sinking or collapse of the surface lying above a void or empty chamber, rather than by the eruption of a volcano or lava vent.

Detailed explanation-5: -Crater-Lake type calderas associated with the collapse of stratovolcanoes. Basaltic calderas associated with the summit collapse of shield volcanoes. Resurgent calderas which lack an association with a single centralized vent.