GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A caldera is a depression created after a volcano partially collapses after releasing the majority of its magma chamber in an explosive eruption.

Detailed explanation-2: -Calderas are formed by the inward collapse of a volcano’s magma chamber. Craters are usually much smaller features than calderas, and calderas are sometimes considered giant craters. Craters at the top of volcanoes are called summit craters. Summit craters are where volcanic material is at or near the Earth’s surface.

Detailed explanation-3: -A pit crater (also called a subsidence crater or collapse crater) is a depression formed by a sinking or collapse of the surface lying above a void or empty chamber, rather than by the eruption of a volcano or lava vent.

Detailed explanation-4: -Caldera: A large, bowl-shaped volcanic depression formed by the collapse of a volcano due to rapid removal of voluminous magma from underneath the mountain. The caldera have a diameter many times greater than that of the original crater.

Detailed explanation-5: -The crater is the bowl shaped opening located at the top of the volcano. The crater is also the steep sided walls made of hardened lava that surround the main vent. Lava can flow from the main vent, but not all volcanoes eject large amounts of lava.