GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Satellites can look for high temperature spots or areas where the volcano surface is changing. This allows scientists to detect changes accurately and safely.

Detailed explanation-2: -Seismic Monitors An increase in earthquakes can be a sign of an impending eruption. Researchers use seismic monitors to track the many small tremors that occur around a volcano.

Detailed explanation-3: -Monitoring them can involve detecting surface changes and small earthquakes caused by the movement of magma inside a volcano, or measuring changes in gases emitted from vents. Signs like these are used to raise alerts and trigger evacuations, and they have saved lives.

Detailed explanation-4: -Copernicus Sentinel-3 and Sentinel-5P for Volcano Monitoring Data from the Copernicus Sentinel-3 and Sentinel-5P satellites have special characteristics for monitoring volcanic clouds.

Detailed explanation-5: -An increase in the frequency and intensity of felt earthquakes. Noticeable steaming or fumarolic activity and new or enlarged areas of hot ground. Subtle swelling of the ground surface. Small changes in heat flow. Changes in the composition or relative abundances of fumarolic gases.