GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -There are three main types of lava flow:-❑ PAHOEHOE – has a shiny, smooth, glassy surface. It tends to be more fluid (lower viscosity), hence flows more quickly and produces thinner flows (typically 1-3 m).

Detailed explanation-2: -Differences in a magma’s viscosity will determine the shape a volcano takes. High-silica (basalt) magma has a much lower viscosity. It flows much easier and over longer distances. As low-silica magma cools, it hardens to rock, adding a new thin layer of rock to the volcano.

Detailed explanation-3: -Minimal viscosities of lava of the ‘a’a lobes ranged from 1.3 × 105 to 3.3 × 107 Pa s (flow rate method), and those of the pahoehoe from to 5 × 103 to 5 × 104 Pa s (shear stress method).

Detailed explanation-4: -Pahoehoe and aa have the same chemical composition although pahoehoe is less viscous (more fluid) then aa because the gases have yet to escape. Pahoehoe lava flow’s have smooth, ropy surfaces.

Detailed explanation-5: -known by the Hawaiian names pahoehoe and aa (or a’a). Pahoehoe lava flows are characterized by smooth, gently undulating, or broadly hummocky surfaces. The liquid lava flowing beneath a thin, still-plastic crust drags and wrinkles it into tapestry-like folds and rolls resembling twisted rope.