LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -And when many monosaccharides are joined together, they form polysaccharides. Disaccharides and polysaccharides must be broken down to monosaccharides by hydrolysis so they are small enough to be absorbed. Hydrolysis is the breakdown of a chemical compound that involves splitting a bond by water.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pancreatic Amylase and Maltase As the combination of gastric juices and partially digested food enters the small intestine, the pancreas secretes pancreatic juices, which contain the enzyme pancreatic amylase. This enzyme acts on the remaining polysaccharides and breaks them into disaccharide units of maltose.

Detailed explanation-3: -Large, complex molecules of proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids must be reduced to simpler particles such as simple sugar before they can be absorbed by the digestive epithelial cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -In either case, the large polymeric molecules in food are broken down during digestion into their monomer subunits-proteins into amino acids, polysaccharides into sugars, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol-through the action of enzymes.