LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The oxygen atom contains 6 outer electrons, but atoms are only stable when there are 8 outer electrons. As a result, oxygen atoms seek out other atoms that can share electrons. This imbalance of outer electrons means an oxygen atom has a slight negative charge (-2) because of the missing 2 electrons.

Detailed explanation-2: -Because oxygen and hydrogen attract the shared electrons unequally, each end of the V-shaped H2O molecule adopts a slightly different charge. The area around the oxygen is somewhat negative compared to the opposite, hydrogen-containing end of the molecule, which is slightly positive.

Detailed explanation-3: -The oxygen atom is slightly negatively charged, and the carbon and hydrogen atoms are slightly positively charged.

Detailed explanation-4: -Oxygen in water is negative because a negative charge, unlike a positive, can be stabilized using ground state ionic resonance structures.

Detailed explanation-5: -The differences in electronegativity and lone electrons give oxygen a partial negative charge and each hydrogen a partial positive charge.