LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Thiamine is a coenzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, which is a necessary step in the synthesis of fatty acids, steroids, nucleic acids and the aromatic amino acid precursors to a range of neurotransmitters and other bioactive compounds essential for brain function [9].

Detailed explanation-2: -Most of the B vitamins have been recognized as coenzymes (substances that participate with enzymes in accelerating the interconversion of chemical compounds), and they all appear to be essential in facilitating the metabolic processes of all forms of animal life.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vitamin K. The primary role of vitamin K is to serve as a coenzyme in the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues; this post-translational modification is required for the functioning of many proteins required for blood clotting.

Detailed explanation-4: -B vitamins act as coenzymes in several enzymatic processes that support every aspect of cellular physiological functioning, including major functions within the brain and nervous system.

Detailed explanation-5: -Vitamin B-12 is a cofactor for 2 enzymes. In the cytoplasm, methionine synthase requires vitamin B-12 in the form of methylcobalamin and catalyzes the conversion of homocysteine to methionine by transfer of a methyl group from methyltetrahydrofolate.