LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The ribosome is universally responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code transcribed in mRNA into an amino acid sequence. Ribosomes use cellular accessory proteins, soluble transfer RNAs, and metabolic energy to accomplish the initiation, elongation, and termination of peptide synthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -If DNA is the blueprint, then ribosomes are the masons-they build the protein using amino acids as the ‘bricks’. To build proteins, the two ribosomal subunits, small and large, assemble together to form the complete ribosome. It has binding sites for mRNA and transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ribosomes are special because they are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. While a structure such as a nucleus is only found in eukaryotes, every cell needs ribosomes to manufacture proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -A ribosome is the cellular machinery responsible for making proteins. There are many ribosomes in each cell, each made up of two subunits.

Detailed explanation-5: -Because protein synthesis is an essential function of all cells, ribosomes are found in practically every cell type of multicellular organisms, as well as in prokaryotes such as bacteria. However, eukaryotic cells that specialize in producing proteins have particularly large numbers of ribosomes.