LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Convergent evolution: Convergent evolution occurs when two organisms that lack a recent common ancestor end up more and more alike as they adapt to a similar ecological niche. The organisms have convergent phenotypes, and their similar structural forms are called analogous structures (such as bird wings and bat wings).

Detailed explanation-2: -Which statement best explains the changes observed in the mosquito population? The insecticide altered the genetic makeup of some mosquitoes, which increased their resistance and allowed them to survive and pass on the trait to their offspring.

Detailed explanation-3: -The adaptive radiation of teleost fishes, which comprise nearly half of all living species of vertebrates (Nelson, 2006), exhibits a wide range of sexual phenotypes. Teleost models thus allow us to link natural variation in brain and hormonal mechanisms to patterns of adult reproductive plasticity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Conditions. Adaptive radiations are thought to be triggered by an ecological opportunity or a new adaptive zone. Sources of ecological opportunity can be the loss of antagonists (competitors or predators), the evolution of a key innovation or dispersal to a new environment.