OBJECTIVE LIFE SCIENCE
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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To predict the genotype of gametes
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To distinguish prokaryotic genomes from eukaryotic genomes
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To deduce phenotypes in pedigree charts
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To translate mRNA into polypeptides
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Detailed explanation-1: -The mRNA is then pulled through the ribosome; as its codons encounter the ribosome’s active site, the mRNA nucleotide sequence is translated into an amino acid sequence using the tRNAs as adaptors to add each amino acid in the correct sequence to the end of the growing polypeptide chain.
Detailed explanation-2: -The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Translation, the second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm.
Detailed explanation-3: -The steps in translation are: The ribosome binds to mRNA at a specific area. The ribosome starts matching tRNA anticodon sequences to the mRNA codon sequence. Each time a new tRNA comes into the ribosome, the amino acid that it was carrying gets added to the elongating polypeptide chain.
Detailed explanation-4: -A gene sequence is converted into a polypeptide sequence via two processes: Transcription – making an mRNA transcript based on a DNA template (occurs within the nucleus) Translation – using the instructions of the mRNA transcript to link amino acids together (occurs at the ribosome)