LIFE SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -B cell or B lymphocyte (bursa-derived cells) is a key player of the adaptive immune response that is responsible for humoral immunity in mammals. B-cell production in humans is a lifelong process that starts in the fetal liver intrauterine and bone marrow after birth.

Detailed explanation-2: -Humoral immunity is also called antibody-mediated immunity. With assistance from helper T cells, B cells will differentiate into plasma B cells that can produce antibodies against a specific antigen. The humoral immune system deals with antigens from pathogens that are freely circulating, or outside the infected cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are two types of humoral immunity: active and passive.

Detailed explanation-4: -B cells create antibodies. These antibodies bind to pathogens or to foreign substances, such as toxins, to neutralize them. For example, an antibody can bind to a virus, which prevents it from entering a normal cell and causing infection. B cells can also recruit other cells to help destroy an infected cell.