MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vasodilation is a mechanism to enhance blood flow to areas of the body that are lacking oxygen and/or nutrients. The vasodilation causes a decrease in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and an increase in blood flow, resulting in a reduction of blood pressure.

Detailed explanation-2: -The term “vasodilation” refers to a widening of the blood vessels within the body. This occurs when the smooth muscles in the arteries and major veins relax. Vasodilation occurs naturally in response to low oxygen levels or increases in body temperature.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vasodilators are medications that open (dilate) blood vessels. They affect the muscles in the walls of the arteries and veins, preventing the muscles from tightening and the walls from narrowing. As a result, blood flows more easily through the vessels. The heart doesn’t have to pump as hard, reducing blood pressure.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vasoconstriction is the narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls. When blood vessels constrict, blood flow is slowed or blocked. Vasoconstriction may be slight or severe.

Detailed explanation-5: -The increase or decrease in metabolism leads to an increase or decrease in metabolic byproducts that cause vasodilation. Increased adenosine, carbon dioxide, potassium, hydrogen ion, lactic acid levels, and decreased oxygen levels, and increased oxygen demand all lead to vasodilation.