MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The myelin sheath is a layer of fatty tissue surrounding the axon of a neuron that both acts as an insulator and allows faster transmission of the electrical signal.

Detailed explanation-2: -Myelin acts as an insulator that prevents current from leaving the axon; this increases the speed of action potential conduction. The nodes of Ranvier, illustrated below, are gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon.

Detailed explanation-3: -The myelin sheath is a protective membrane that wraps around part of certain nerve cells. Myelin also affects how fast signals travel through those nerve cells. Several diseases and conditions-multiple sclerosis being the most well-known-damage or destroy myelin.

Detailed explanation-4: -Neuron: The myelin sheath surrounds and insulates the axon. A whitish, fatty layer called the myelin sheath (not part of the neuron) acts as insulation of axon, prevents loss or crossing of neural signals, and increases the speed of conduction in the axon.

Detailed explanation-5: -These signals travel along projections, called axons, which extend from neurons. Oligodendrocytes wrap axons in an insulating material, called myelin, that speeds up the electrical signals.