MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Local anesthetic drugs interfere with excitation and conduction by action potentials in the nervous system and in the heart by blockade of the voltage-gated Na channel.

Detailed explanation-2: -This led to the alternative hypothesis that local anaesthetics may actually prevent current flow through sodium channels by introducing a positive charge that electrostatically impedes the flow of sodium ions, rather than by physically blocking them.

Detailed explanation-3: -Local anaesthetic agents suppress action potentials in excitable tissues by blocking voltage-gated Na+ channels. In doing so, they inhibit action potentials in nociceptive fibres and so block the transmission of pain impulses.

Detailed explanation-4: -A class of drugs that act by inhibition of sodium influx through cell membranes. Blockade of sodium channels slows the rate and amplitude of initial rapid depolarization, reduces cell excitability, and reduces conduction velocity. An anti-anginal drug used for the treatment of chronic angina.

Detailed explanation-5: -Local anesthetics, antiarrhythmics, and anticonvulsants include both charged and electroneutral compounds that block voltage-gated sodium channels.